铝合金空心阴极放电辅助离子氧化技术的研究

针对海洋环境条件下铝合金点蚀比较严重问题,提出了基于空心阴极效应的离子氧化技术制备耐蚀保护层技术.在低频双极脉冲放电装置中进行铝合金氧化改性处理,温度控制在450⁵50℃范围内,氧化时间为3 h.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试手段对氧化层进行分析表征,实验表明可在铝合金表面制备20550℃范围内,氧化时间为3 h.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试手段对氧化层进行分析表征,实验表明可在铝合金表面制备20⁵00 nm厚的致密光滑的氧化层(Al2O3).在3.5%NaCl溶液中对未处理和离子氧化样品进行浸泡腐蚀实验,经过浸泡20 d后,未处理样品受到严重腐蚀,而氧化样品表面无明显腐蚀现象.由此可见空心阴极放电辅助离子氧化技术可以显著提高铝合金的耐点蚀性能.     

晶粒尺寸对含铜锡中铬铁素体不锈钢耐蚀性的影响

以含低熔点元素Cu和Sn的超纯165%(质量分数)Cr铁素体不锈钢为实验材料,通过在35℃恒温6%(质量分数)FeCl3溶液中对实验钢进行浸泡腐蚀实验,并采用三电极体系测定实验钢的极化曲线,初步研究了晶粒尺寸对这种铁素体不锈钢耐蚀性能的影响.实验中,采用经典的失重法计算腐蚀速率,利用动电位扫描法测绘极化曲线,以进一步探究实验钢的腐蚀过程.研究表明,这种铁素体不锈钢的点蚀电位值随晶粒尺寸增大而大幅提高.浸泡腐蚀实验结果证实,存在一个相对合理的晶粒尺寸范围,晶粒尺寸过小或过大都不利于提高耐蚀性能.     

Passivation method of 317L stainless steel used in medicine

The electrochemical performance of 317L stainless steel used in medicine under different conditions of passivation (different contents of HNO₃ solution, different passivation time and different passivation temperatures) was studied. The results show that the pitting potential of 317L stainless steel used in medicine can reach about 1.0 V (SCE) when electrochemically tested in 0.9% NaCl solution after the steel was passivated in 30% HNO₃ solution at 35℃ for 6 h, which indicates that the passivation film has a relatively strong resistance to corrosion. The results also show that the corrosion resistance of the passivation film on the surface of 317SS can be increased after suitable amount of K₂Cr₂O₇ is added into HNO₃ passivation solution.     

不锈钢裸表面在氯化物溶液中的点腐蚀

研究了不锈钢去膜表面在氯化镁介质中的点腐蚀现象。去膜表面发生点蚀的临界电位低于膜覆盖表面发生点蚀的临界电位。去膜表面的点蚀主要在晶界和夹杂起源。点蚀形貌是敏锐的条纹状花样。根据作者提出的裸表面与氯化物介质反应步骤模型讨论了点蚀特征电位的意义以及裸表面点蚀形成的过程。     

Improvement of pitting corrosion resistance for Al-Cu alloy in sodium chloride solution through equal-channel angular pressing

Significant corrosion resistance improvement was achieved in solid-solution treated (T4) Al-Cu alloy after severe grain refinement through equal-channel angular pressing. The bulk ultrafine-grained Al-Cu alloy with grain sizes of 200 ? 300 nm has higher pitting potential (elevated by about 34 mV, SCE) and lower corrosion current density (decreased by about 3.88 μA/cm²) in polarization tests than the as-T4 alloy, and increased polarization resistance (increased by about 5.7 k ?·cm²) in electrochemical impendence spectrum tests, along with alleviated corrosion damage in immersion tests. Two factors responds to the improved corrosion resistance of the alloy: the first is the refinement of residual θ -phase (Al2Cu) particles leading to the lower micro-galvanic currents and reduced susceptibilities to pitting corrosion, the second is the mass of strain-induced crystalline defects provid ing more nucleation sites for the formation of more volume fractions of stable oxide film.     

新型节镍Cr22双相不锈钢中铜的作用

研究Cu对新型节镍Cr22双相不锈钢(duplex stainless steels,DSS)的显微组织、力学性能及腐蚀性能的影响.研究结果表明,Cu元素在该系列成分双相不锈钢中是较强的奥氏体形成元素,质量分数为0.69％的Cu可使Cr22 DSSs在不同温度固溶处理后的奥氏体体积分数增加约8％.节镍型Cr22 DSS...     

A new way of transformation from a-quartz to coesite

A laboratory method combining the high-energy mechanical ball milling and high static pressure has been suggested for modelling synthesis of coesite in the Earth's crust. A window of milling time, a mechanical collision-induced intermediate phase ofα-quartz and its condition of easily crystallizing into coesite under the condition of 3.0 GPa, 923 K, < 1.0 min have been discovered. The new method needs much shorter synthesizing time and lower synthesizing critical pressure than those used before. The Raman spectra for the coesite synthesized by the present method have covered all the information of those natural and synthesized coesites reported before. It is demonstrated that this method has a great potential in geo-science research and implied the other possible mechanism of coesite formation in the Earth's crust.     

钝化304不锈钢单晶在硫酸含氯介质中的孔蚀

采用交流阻抗技术,研究钝化304不锈钢单晶体在pH1.0,0.25mol/lNa_2SO_4含氯介质中的孔蚀行为。对孔蚀过程中的阻抗频谱特征进行了分析,提出孔蚀的发生和发展过程中都有复合物(MOHC1)形成。复合物进一步吸附更多的氯离子,导致溶解反应发生。并提出一个孔蚀的的反应机理模型,它与304不锈钢多晶体在硫酸含氯介质中的孔蚀机理没有本质的差别。     

含钼杂多酸盐对碳钢缓蚀性能的研究

采用失重法考察了６种具有Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构的含钼杂多酸盐在ＮａＣｌ介质中对碳钢的缓蚀作用。实验表明,所研究的化合物均有一定的缓蚀性能,尤其抑制点蚀效果很好。     

SrCl2-H3B03-H2O体系中H3BO3介稳区性质的研究

利用激光法对SrCl₂-H₃B0₃-H₂O体系中硼酸结晶介稳区性质进行研究,得出了介稳区宽度、成核级数和溶解度性质,同时给出了该体系中硼酸的成核速率和溶解度方程,对介稳区规律给出了较为合理的理论解释。本文通过对SrCl₂-H₃B0₃-H₂O体系中H₃B0₃的介稳区性质的研究认为：该混合体系中的SrCl₂的存在会导致一个最宽介稳区产生,有利于实际生产的控制;成核级数的计算证明少量SrCl₂ 的存在不会干扰生产控制,不需要刻意去除;混合体系中SrCl₂的加入会降低硼酸的溶解度,且随着SrCl₂的浓度增加,硼酸溶解度降低的幅度增大。